The main reason they have fewer resources available is that they are designed for a single purpose, so they only have one task to perform. Generally, specific purpose devices have far fewer resources than what we expect from general-purpose devices. One can develop projects, watch a film, compose music, and much more. Their purpose depends on what the user wants to do with them. In contrast, general-purpose devices, such as computers, mobile phones, and smartwatches are machines that can perform any kind of task ― from writing an email to watching a movie. In these examples, only one purpose can be identified ― in the case of a microwave oven, the device will only heat food and certainly not show a film. As an example, devices that are designed for a specific purpose are household appliances, home automation, cameras, printers, heating systems, etc. We can identify two broad categories in everyday devices: Those that are designed for a specific purpose and those called general-purpose. To begin analyzing firmware, it is necessary to first introduce a few notions about embedded devices: What are they? and Why have they been called that? Now, let’s begin here by exploring an IP camera. Starting from higher level details, then onto the lowest level details, and then delving into the user interface, we will explain how the camera was created and developed. In this series of articles, which will be published on a weekly basis, we will be taking an in-depth look at the technical functioning of an IP camera from the company Reolink ― in an effort to better understand the potential risks of an IoT device. For the time being, it appears that many IoT manufacturers simply ignore this. Issues related (more broadly) to cybersecurity and (more specifically) your privacy are imperative to avoid, so that elements related to your private life are not exposed. However, this evolution has some disadvantages: The perennial need to be connected to the Internet and an increase in the potential attack surface. The emergence of these next generation technologies has driven the home automation evolution from simple light bulbs to cloud-connected printers, smart refrigerators, etc. Embedded devices continue to increase in popularity and one category, in particular, that has become en vogue as of late is the Internet of Things (IoT).
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